1. Introduction

Generative linguistics has emphasized the biological properties behind human language, namely Universal Grammar (UG), since the mid-20th century. In the minimalist stage, UG content gradually becomes streamlined, and currently only recursive merging remains. This raises two questions: how syntactic deduction represents the external world, and whether UG is sufficient to generate specific syntactic structures. Although generative linguistics has been involved, it has not been systematically discussed. This article will explore these two issues, pointing out that they are not only related to macro linguistic perspectives, but also closely related to syntactic operation techniques, language acquisition, and evolution.

2. Theoretical background

In depth exploration of the theoretical background of generative linguistics, particularly Chomsky's "interpretive" positioning of theoretical linguistics. The article points out that humans are able to generate an infinite number of language expressions, thanks to the Universal Grammar (UG) with recursive merging ability, which is the core part of the Human Language Function (FLB). FLB not only includes UG, but also encompasses the perception motor system and concept intention system, which are also demonstrated in other animals. The narrow sense of language function (FLN) specifically refers to the language abilities unique to humans. Chomsky believes that language expression is a product of brain computation and is independent of the external world, which is in stark contrast to the concepts of propositional truth and reference in philosophy of language. The article proposes that how syntactic deduction connects with the external world is a question worth exploring, which not only helps to understand the essence of language, but may also promote the development of generative linguistics theory. In addition, the article also discusses how UG constructs specific syntactic structures and points out that current syntactic theories are not entirely within the scope of UG and need further exploration.

3. The Connection between Syntax and the External World: A Revised Language Model

Explored how syntactic structures establish connections with the external world, and believed that the formation of syntactic structures is a product of the combination of Universal Grammar (UG) and real-world needs. The article first points out that UG is a biological mechanism generated by genetic mutations, and its calculation process is independent of the external world. However, the pressure of humans using UG to gain survival advantages has prompted UG to connect with the external world. Next, the article discusses the relationship between syntactic structure and the external world from three aspects: entity reference, truth judgment of propositions, and speaker's speech act information.

4. Theoretical Implications

Deeply explored the parameter theory of generative linguistics and proposed a new perspective on the connection between syntax and the external world. The article points out that the commonality of human language stems from the universal grammar (UG) at the biological level, while cross linguistic differences are reflected in the syntactic structure where different languages use different features to achieve abstract external functions. The article also discusses the relationship between UG and external functional elements, arguing that UG provides the ability for recursive merging of human language, while abstract hierarchical architectures such as DP, TP, and CP are mechanisms internalized for communicative purposes based on UG. In addition, the article also proposes two possibilities for cross linguistic differences: one is that there are differences in the specific content of core features; Secondly, some languages may rely entirely on extra syntactic methods to achieve specific functions.

5. Conclusion

Based on the core assumptions of generative linguistics, this paper explores the connection between syntactic structures and the external world, emphasizing the key role of syntactic feature attributes in recursive merging and abstract semantic provision. A syntax pattern based on UG was proposed to explain how language expression represents the external world, providing a new perspective for cross linguistic parameter theory, language acquisition, and language evolution.